I was young, still in elementary school and had not a
clue which direction my future would take when I was asked “What do want to be
when you grow up?” Having just read a book on cultural anthropology (although I
think the title was something like Recent
Discoveries in Archaeology) and the chapter that grabbed my attention was a
discussion on flint knapping in the Stone Age. Without a clue as to what I was
doing I decided to try to make a stone spear point, just for fun.
Little did I realize that the period of time between
simply knocking two stones together and deliberately pressure pointing a flake
was at least 40,000 generations of slow and painful development and all I got
for my battering two rocks together was an abused rock and several smashed
fingers. My respect for our long lost common ancestors was one of life’s epochal
events that lead to my appreciation of history and understanding that we all
too often forget the powerful shoulders we today stand upon!
From the Oldwan hand axes of 2.6 million years ago to
the sophisticated Achuelean axes of 500,000 years ago reflect a development of
the human brain to do strategic planning. The Stone Age hand tool tells us of
an ability to see the final object within the lump (or later flake) of stone in
the makers hand. This ability to visualize abstract goals reflects the
development of the human fore brain (prefrontal cortex) and its capacity to see
what you want and the proficiency to verbalize what your mind is seeing. An
ability that many anthropologists did not believe our ancestors had.
Several studies have trained students to make
Achuelean tools but rarely do the students produce an object that would meet
the standards of the original makers of Stone Age tools. It has been surmised
that given sufficient time and experience modern man could match the casual efforts
of our Neanderthal and Cro-Magnon. Modern Neuropathology studies have
determined that the mental effort required to visualize and make a stone tool
actually alters the physical structure of the brain, which in turn made it
easier to do it again and make it better this time.
We owe it to our remote ancestors who started out
beating two rocks together for everything that we now know as modern society.
Maybe I shouldn’t have stopped when I smashed my
fingers!